Tabloid, Broadsheets and Hybrids

Tabloids: soft newspapers with humour:

• The Sun.
• The Guardian
• Daily mirror
• Daily Mail

Broadsheets: serious newspapers:

• The Daily Telegraph

Hybrids: a bit of both:

• Daily Mail
• Daily express

Mock DIRT 4 - 6.

Describe what is meant by 'Public Service Broadcasting' (PSB). Use the BBC as an example in your answer.

Public Service Broadcasting is when a broadcaster releases entertainment for the benefit of the public rather than themselves. This means that they rely on the public for their funding rather than from regulators such as OFCOM. As a result of this they get their own funding from public voting, advertisements, selling merchandise. The broadcasters would create their media with the public's interest at heart but wouldn't have to follow the restrictions of any regulators such as OFCOM. Public Broadcasters also provide coverage for interests which have very little or no market. They also supply topics that are of social benefit, not commonly provided by commercial broadcasters.

The Avengers

Explain how social contexts influence television programmes. Refer to The Avengers from 1965 to support your answer.

The BBC being a PSB meant that the creation of The Avengers was entirely out of the public's benefit. It meant that they created the show for the public, and while the target audience of the BBC was the working class, the characters in the show were classy, posh spies. This is due to the constant fear of the Russian/German spies of the time, therefore showing the social contexts influence the television programs of the time. Furthermore art was also coming into light and is shown also in 'The Town of No Return' at the start with the giant eye on top of Ms Peel's door, a direct reference to pop art culture.

1960s news texts.

Masthead
Teaser stories

Layout

Typography

Colour

Lexis

Imagery

This case study clearly shows there was scepticism of spies from the Soviets, as well as political negotiations with the Prime Minister and the Foreign Secretary. It also shows that the 1960s had started to grow into a generation of free love though divorce wasn't wholly accepted. The layout shows how important certain aspects of the time were. For example, the title "Lawyers will urge divorce by consent" is the largest bit of text, showing how its controversy of free love and religion was more interesting than the possible spies of the Soviets. There's also a corset for sale showing the importance of fashion as the advert is so large, it also shows the sexualisation of women starting the be significant in th era.

This case study shows the significance of the war in Vietnam, a large, bold title is shown in the centre of the image which shows how a typical 60s Brit would care about the ongoing war of Vietnam. There's slight racism in the article of the Olympics "Briton shoots a Gold" with an old racial slur. The Main article is "Unions Postpone Strike" clearly shows the relevance of the class tension with worker strikes and worker rights, it also shows the poverty that the nation was still in 20 years after WWII. There's also an article about the re-marriage of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis (JFK's wife) showing the significance of love in the era as the sixties was known as the era of free love with the creation of the contraceptive pill for women, allowing for them to have sexual relations with whoever they want.

This newspaper has another article about spies, still showing the scepticism of spies over the world. There's also a small article where the president offered Vietnam a truce and opportunity to end the Vietnam war. The queen also presented herself at the 'mourning valley' of Aberfan after a collapse of a colliery spoil tip which killed 144 people (116 children). The layout shows a large image of the queen showing the patriotism  of the 60s was still relevant. it also shows an advertisement of a shop or business of clothes which shows the relevance of fashion and sexualisation of women in the 60s. There was also the main headline of a spy escaping jail, this also shows the relevance of war speculation and scepticism in Britain.

These newspapers all portray the feelings about war that were relevant at the time with article titles such as "America accused of spy frame-up". This is because of the number of stories on spies from other countries. The scepticism of spies is shown to be quite potent in the era despite the second world war being 15-20 years behind it. This is because of the fear the war instilled on the planet and how they affected each country morally and economically. During this period the Vietnamese War was ongoing and cause a lot of pain and loss for countries involved shown by the article heading "Enough of this sorrow".
Furthermore they present gender (especially women) more independently sexual, including advertisements of fashion and lingerie which are presented on images of women. There's also a main article titled: "Lawyers will urge divorce by consent", showing the start of divorcing being legal and accepted though still topical and relevant enough for newspapers to have articles on them. The article on Jackie's remarriage shows the acceptability of having multiple marriages coming into view as she was a very iconic character in society, even Britain clearly, and the article on her remarriage shows how relevant both topics are. The new topic of remarriage is against Christian beliefs, this means that Christianity was still potent enough that divorce and remarriage is controversial but not potent enough to ban it entirely.
Racism was still a huge problem in these times, shown in the term used multiple times "Negroes" as well as a quote from Lee Evans "this is our only outlet.  wouldn't have won a scholarship to go to university if I didn't run fast. Maybe a white boy doesn't need to try so hard because his parents can afford to send him to school". This shows how racism was still prominent in the form of opportunities being  more available to "white boys" than the minorities.

News History

Technology that changed news:

• The printing press allowed for copying leaflets.
• The typewriter allowed for faster production of articles as well as neater ones.
• Telegrams using morse code were extremely fast and allowed fast communication over long distances.
• Cameras made images more realistic.
• The radio allowed for news channels with faster and more available news.
• TVs were created to give visual news.
• Computers were created to code and communicate.
• The invention of the internet allowed for newspapers to have online versions.

What Is News?

What is the purpose of news?

• Informing the public of current affairs.
• Educating the public.
• Advertising products to the public.
• Entertaining the public.
• Profiting.
• Influencing or persuading the public's opinions or views.

What is fake news?

It is information which has been presented to the public which portray unhelpful or untrue information. It's not necessarily the publication of someone's article which purposefully present news which is false or inaccurate but also images, audio and videos posted out of context which unintentionally present incorrect information.

Mock DIRT Q1-3

Analyse how sound is used in the extract to create meaning. Refer to at least two examples from the extract in your answer.

Non-diegetic sound is used to foreshadow the robbery in the extract. For example, the short-lived ominous music played whenever the construction vehicle is shown foreshadows the malicious intent of the driver which we find later. Additionally, the use of  diegetic, casual dialogue "She was massively disappointed!" shows a friendly atmosphere between the officers in the café. This juxtaposes the ominous non-diegetic music in the shot beforehand and creates tension and foreshadows lack of preparation in dealing with the imminent crime. Furthermore, the diegetic dialogue during the chase from Jake "Hey guys it's Jake, uhh..." shows Jake's lack of experience with the current matters and foreshadows a failure in preventing the crime due to this. Finally the ambient, diegetic sound of the sirens represent a high-speed chase and therefore the viewers feel excitement when watching the clip.

Analyse how far the extract depicts the police's point of view rather than the criminal's point of view. In your answer you must:

• Analyse aspects of the extract using examples to support your analysis.
• Judge how far these aspects depict the police's point of view.

The extract starts with a conversation between a detective and a mother of a lost child. The clips consists of multiple low-angle, close-up shots of the detective and significantly less medium close-up, eye-level shots of the mother to show the power of the detective compared to the mother. The clip also contains medium shots of other officers in the next room to show the importance of them also, despite being peripheral characters in the clip. The robbers also are only seen through medium-long shots at eye-level or bird's eye view from a surveillance camera rather than any close ups, dissociating the robbers from the audience. Compared to this, the close-up, low-angle and eye-level shots of the officers at lunch connect them to the audience a whole lot more so that the officers are the centre of view for the audience.

The editing also shows the lack of importance of the criminals compared to the officers, the criminals are only shown to be travelling to the crime scene and then robbing the store and then leaving, whereas the police have multiple representations: the officers at the scene, the officers at lunch and the chase are all significantly longer than any single shot of the robbers.

The diegetic sound of the robbers is incredibly short, there is only a few seconds of dialogue from one of the robbers before they hastily leave, whereas the use of diegetic dialogue for the police is in every scene and every officer is given attention through this.

In this question you will be rewarded for drawing together elements from your full course of study, including different areas of the theoretical framework and media contexts.

How far does the extract try to create a sense that it is portraying 'real life'?

In your answer your must:

• analyse aspects of the extract giving detailed examples
• judge how far these aspects create a sense of watching 'real life'.

The extract also portrays 'real life' by creating a believable setting. The setting changes consistently but has been created by set designers to resemble very realistic police stations, hospitals and flats so that they mimic real life and allow the audience to understand the real-life situations the police are exposed to daily. Additionally the mise-en-scene of props such as pencils are key detail to really mimic a real life situation. As well as this the visible blood from the drug abuser as well as the ruined flat shows detail and feels real for the audience.

Surveillance Capitalism.

Surveillance can be used for advertising and is almost unethical. This article shows that the audience's role has changed since the invention of the internet as surveillance capitalism does this by taking advantage of the population's laziness in reading terms and conditions, allowing companies to access data which usually wouldn't be ethical.